ABSTRACT
Background: Periodontitis is a common multifactorial oral disease and a major cause of tooth loss among adults. The present study was aimed to investigate the role of calcitonin receptor (CTR) gene polymorphism in the causation of periodontitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 112 subjects comprising of 62 patients and 50 controls were enrolled and recruited from various dental clinics in and around Hyderabad, India. Two milliliter of blood sample was collected from all the subjects. Following extraction of DNA, genotyping for CTR 1340 C>T was performed by PCR-RFLP. Results: The frequency of CC, CT and TT genotypes in patients was 45%, 42% and 13% while in controls it was 56%, 32% and 12%. The frequency of C and T allele was 0.66 and 0.34 in patients whereas it was 0.72 and 0.28 in controls. The genotype and allele frequencies did not vary between the groups. The genotype frequencies among male and female sub-types revealed a statistically significant difference in female subgroup. The CT genotype and T allele revealed an OR value of 5.62 and 2.40 respectively. Conclusion: Our study revealed a significant association of this SNP with periodontitis only in females. It also highlights the predisposing role of CT genotype and T allele in the causation of periodontitis. However, replicative studies on the influence of this polymorphism in different ethnic groups may identify the potentiality of this SNP towards periodontitis.
ABSTRACT
Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a clinical entity occurring in the same site or sites each time the drug is administered. Acute lesions appear as sharply marginated erythematous plaques, which are usually found on lips, genitalia, abdomen, and legs. The eruptions usually occur within hours of administration of the offending agent and resolves spontaneously without scarring after few weeks of onset. Most common drugs causing FDE are sulfonamides, tetracyclines, salicylates, barbiturates, doxycycline, fluconazole, clarithromycin, etc. Ciprofloxacin, a widely used fluoroquinolone antimicrobial, induces cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in about 1-2% of treated patients. Urticaria, angioedema, maculopapular exanthems, and photosensitivity are the most frequently documented cutaneous adverse reactions. In this case report, the patient soon after taking ciprofloxacin tablets, developed itching in the lips, palms and in scrotal region. On continuing the treatment, the next day he developed fluid filled lesions over palm, knuckle, and hyperpigmentation. He gives a history of severe itching and rashes in scrotal region. He gives a history of similar complaints in the previous month after taking ciprofloxacin medication. There was no history of intake of any other medication. On examination, bullous lesions and pustules in finger webs, hyperpigmentation on knuckles, and scrotal erosions were seen. In the present case report, the patient presented with FDE immediately after oral administration of ciprofloxacin and got completely cured after stopping the drug and taking adequate treatment. According to the Naranjo’s ADR probability scale (score=8), this ADR is categorized as a “probable” reaction to the drug.
ABSTRACT
Acne is the chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit, characterized by the formation of comedones, erythematous papules and pustules. Steroid induced acne is an acneiform eruption characterized by sudden onset of follicular papules and pustules shortly after starting topical or oral corticosteroid. Here, we report a case of a 25-year-old female patient who presented herself to the Dermatology out-patient department with the complaints of acne all over the face after the application of mometasone furoate ointment.
ABSTRACT
Flavonoids are constituents of fruits, vegetables, and plant derived beverages, as well as components in herbal dietary supplements. The objective of this investigation was to characterize and determine the effect of the Flavonoids on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) which is an important protein involved in multidrug resistance (MDR). Homology modeling of Pglycoprotein (Human) has been performed based on the crystal structure of the 2HYD (Chain A; Structure of a bacterial multidrug ABC transporter) by using Modeller software. With the aid of the molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics methods, the final model is obtained and is further assessed by procheck and verify 3D graph programs, which showed that the final refined model is reliable. With this model, a flexible docking study of P-glycoprotein with a group of Flavonoids which were selected from the previous publications was performed. The results indicated that GLN- 47, TYR -53, SER -83, ILE- 87, GLY -100, ARG -154 in P- glycoprotein are important determinant residues in binding as they have strong hydrogen bonding with Flavonoids. These hydrogen binding interactions play an important role for stability of the complex. Among the 13 Flavonoids docked, Acetylgenistin showed best docking result with Pglycoprotein. Our results may be helpful for further experimental investigations.
ABSTRACT
The present study evaluated the expression of hepcidin mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Samples of cancerous and non-cancerous liver tissue were taken from 40 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy. Expression of hepcidin mRNA was evaluated by real-time PCR, and compared in tumors differing in their degree of differentiation, number of tumors, and vessel invasion. Hepcidin mRNA expression is uniformly suppressed in HCC. Hepcidin mRNA expression in noncancerous and cancerous tissues was 1991.8 (35.3–25187.4) and 62.6 (1.9–3185.8), respectively (P < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in hepcidin expression among tumors differing in their degree of differentiation, number of tumors, or vessel invasion.